Steam generator and method of generation



` Oct-13, 1931.

c. E, Bisi-LOP STEAK GENERATOR AND METHOD OF GENERATION Filed April 14, 19250 2 Sheets-511801 l .mW/m FW ll. wl :V i.. E K n lll Oct. 13, 1931. c. E. BISHOP STEAK GENERATOR AND METHOD OF GENERATION 2 sheets-'sneu 2 Filed April 14. 1950 f UNITDfSTATES "fao thereof.

PatentedY Oct.l 13, 1931 i -i CABLE. nrsnonfor -MITCHELLVIIQLE IowA'f '.sTEAMfGENERATonAND 'METHOD or GENERATION A l Application' fined Aprii i4,

My invention hasto do with stearn generators of the lrir'id'adaptedV forv use ivithinotor vehicles, aeroplanes and the The 'obgect' of my invention, s to provide vsuch a steaiii generator" which may becomc pactly built and is .of siinple, 'durablefand inexpensive constructioii..

More particula'rly,Y it` is` vide such va steam ge'iierator'o-frn'oyel c0nlstruction having a waterfcage aiidga `plurality of steainsections.- and a*"steaiii"chest` section in which all of the connectioiisiare at the ktop of the generator 'and' awaygfrointhe burner below'the 'generator.` Anothe'r-ob3ect1is 'toyprovide suchA a generatei-'in whiclithe connections arecprovided 'with joints so arranged as to perniit theinV to' be' disconnected Yfor liftingont anyvofvthe Y sections.l p

Another purpose ofthe-present invention is tol provide a generator of the kind inentioned in wliichthcre is a water cage com- )rising a' series of u riOht tubular elements 2v D i,

preferably arranged :in acircleqand having a sedinieiitfring' arrangedfin portionsinclined from the horizontaly for receiving sediment and facilitating thefready removal i lltill a further object isto piovidesuch la water cage with coils,veacli connected with the lower part oifoneqothe'tiibularyeleiiieiits and' preferably'wound' around one of` the steam sections andthen connected with i ton of water around the Water edge.

ifinother object is to provide a methodfor generating steam for getting the maximum bene-lit of traiisniission'o'f heat convec-A tion, i

llVitl'i these and other objects in view',-iny invention consists in the constructionycarrangement and combinationof the various parts ofiny ste-ain generator and lmethod of generation, whereby dieV objects yconteniplated are' attained, asv hereinafter` niorey tallyset 'ortln pointed ont my claims/,pand illustrated in' the accoiiip'anying drawings, which:

steam; Generator einbod rindr in 5 invention.

n ci b vbeing *broken away and object to prosection-k r of thetiibular elements to insure cir-V 1936. serial` No; 444,248. f y

2 shows a side elevation lofthe saine., partey being broken away.l f' I. `f

Figure 3 shows a vertical, detail, sectional View taken on tliefline 3,-3101? Figure ;1, parts `Figure` 4 showsfavertical .sectional view ,through the st'eani chest section of a niodiied .forni of my invention.V

-k i Mv improved steain generator, generally speaking, consists of awater cage indicated f by thei'eference charactery and having generallya circular form around'the outsideof the device, a plurality of ,steam sections arranged within the water cage,- each being indicatedl by the referencefcharacter B, anda steam chest section-'at the'center of thegenerator indicated by the character (l.V n

f In the use of thefgeneratonlthe water-Vis taken'troni lthe 'water cage and carried throughV coils wound, around the respective steam sections and heated, andthe steam and water vfrorii the coils :are -recondiic'tedV to the water cage. Y :Then the steam .is conducted from the water cage tothe respective steam Sections and from thence tothe steaiii chest The water` cage Ay `consists :ofy a gplur'alityiolf ably arranged in a circle around the A outside lof the generator. These water containers 10 are connected ,at theirlower ends by yasediinent ring indicated generally at D,' which extends around the bottom of the water cage and comprises a series of portions v12 successively connecting the water'coiitainers 10 and arranged at angles to the horizontal in sawtooth fashion. v f l VUVThe water containers 10 'are of different lengths as shown.

Each section 12 extends as it were in both ldirections from one of the longer and one of yupright tubular water containers 10,.-prefer- The upper ends of all the water containers 10 are preferably connectedby anv annular tubular head member 18, which communicates with ea-ch of the containers 10. v"The'diameter and height of the containers 10 may be varied somewhat according' to the purpose of the generator and the Asize desired.

A plurality of steam sectionsv B are arranged inside the water cage il. Each of the sections B comprises an uprightV tubular member as illustrated in Figure 3, having an upper portion 20, below which -is a somewhat reduced portion 2l, around which the coil is wound, and a lower reduced end 22 with a thickened very strongwall 23.

There is provided a heating coil for each steam section B. For indicating a oeil, l have used the character F.

Each coil F is preferably composed of two coils., one of which will now be described.

Each member of each completecoil includes a lower portion 24tcommunica-ting with thelower part of one of the water containers 10 and inclined upwardly therefrom VVand wound around. the reduced portion E21 of one of the steam sectionsv B, as at 26, (Ficjure r2). and then rinclined upwardlytherefrom 'to the upper portion of another one of the containers 10, ,as ,at 28.

The other member of each coil is the same as that already described, and arranged parallel therewith, the vparts being` indicated 'by the reference numerals 24a, 260;, and 28a.

In Figure Y1 the upper member of one of the coils is indicated at F, and theupperend of a coil going'- to one-of the innersteam sectionsis indica-tedatF.

1t willv'be understood that belowfthesteam sectionsis a suitable burner-30. {Figui-e 3;)

One of the objects of the present-invention is Eto V*provide v'connections at the Atop of the steam sect-ions only, so thatthey will lnot'be subjectedto thevin'tense heat froinithe burner A13th-and. another object to soarrange those connections that they ma;7 be loosened at the ltop of the device in suclrmanner to lift out any particular steam section.

Thus vfor each of the outer stean'` sections B a tube 32 is welded into the top of the steam .itiontsee 'Figure Similarly for each of the inner steam sections B..a similar tube 32a is weld-ed :into the see Figures 1 32:01' 32a as .thecase may be may be lifted upwardly out of the assembly.

A means-should be provided for insuring that the steam conducted from the water cage 'to the steam section 'B will trav-el to the bottom ofthe steam section from the tubes and 32av before traveling up and 'out of the steam section.

.This may be accomplished `in various ways but as here .illustrated a tube 36 is extended througlrthe top of the steam section B, as shown for instance in Figure 3, and is screwed into the top of said steam section and extends downwardlyto the lower interior of the section whereby it causes the steam to travel substantially double-the length of the steam section.

vbranches thereof, and by disconnectingl the unions 34: of the particular tube 32 or 32a .connected withthe steam section B to be removed.

I shallnowr describe the steam chest se`ction. T have shown this in two forms in Fig- .ui'es 3 and .tand will first describe the form disclosedzin .F igure 3.

inthis particular form of steam-chest section, there is :provided a central, upright, `tulnilar.casing 40 with a reduced lower end iOmhaving thickened walls 405 'Surrounding the casing 4:0 is a series of np- .right tubes 4t2,..each connected at its upper endby vmeans of one of the unions 34 with the inner end of one ofthe tubes 38.

At `thelower end ofeach tube 4t2 is a reduced portion 44-iiicliiied downwardly and communicating` with the reduced lower end 40a of the casing .-LO :and welded thereto.

Thus .the steam supplied. by the steam chest must travel to the lower part thereof and thence upwardly through the casing 40. F romthe upper part of the casing 40 leads a or casing 50 vis welded vent sediment, lime steam conducting pipell connectedwith the top of the casing 40 by means of a disconnect'- able union 34;. i

It follows that by disconnecting the proper unions 34 the steam chest may be lifted l bodily .out of the assembly. y) A In Figure e is another form olf section comprising an outer casingy or tanlr48 with a'thickened bottom 48a. y Aninnerftanl tothe top ofthe tank 48, as shown in Figure il, and projects downwardly tothe lower interior of the tank 48, and is provided with a passage 52 in its lower end. y f f In theform of steam chest section shown in Figure l, the tubes 38 are connected with the top of the tank member 48 by means of unions 34, asshowmland the take-oil pipe i6 issimi-f larly connected with the top'of the tanlr 50 by means of a disconnectable union 34. Y

The form of steam chest section shown in Figure l is indicated generally by. the reference character C.

Having now described. the'structure ofr my improved steam generator, l shall refer briefly to the manner of'using it and to some ofitsadvantages. 1

rwWater is supplied tothe water cage A in any suitable way. lt should perhaps be mentioned at this'point that I preferably employ in connection with a generator :of this rlinrl va condenser by which the water of condensa# tion from lthe steam, after the steam is used, is returned to the generator. Vhen thebburner is operating, the coilsand the steam sections and steam chest section will he very rapidly heated. l use double coil members r2st and 24a in order to give the water and steama more rapid risefor more quickly generatingsteam. o

This rapid` circulationset upby the heat of the burner `and the coil construction pre-v and the like, from lodging or collecting inthe coils and carries it into vthe water tubespwhere it settles to the sediment ring 12.

The advantage of the construction and thisr means of rapid circulatioiriiiake possible the y use of small diameter tubingin the coils thereby increasing the speed kof steam generation thorough application of heat through a more to the water. f v Y The heat causes he water and steam to travel upwardly through'the coils F and to I 1; emerge into another container l0, whereupon the water drops down and the steam rises to vthe top of thel 'container and then passes .through one of the tubes 32 or 326Mo onevof the steam'sections B.

In the steam section B, the steam travelsV to the reduced lower end `22 thereof where it Yfis againsuhjectto the direct heat of around the'thicl'rened portion 23, and thence upwardly through one of- ,the tubes 36 'and through oneof-r'the vtubes y38 steam chest f loutside the burner, so

'heating increases vuntil the burner and one of its i branches to the steam chest section in which l the steam is again carried. to vthe bottom of the steam chest section Aand superheated and conductedy away through theV tube 46. y

It' has been. noted that the water which v passes through; the coi-lpassesfrom one watery containerflto another around the circle, so that there is thus caused a circulation yof water aroundthe water.y cage. r The generator is preferably lused with the levelof the water in the containers l() just below the yinlet upper ends of the coils.

By the structure here shown, there is caused a constant and gradual downward movement of :the large volume of water in the containers 10, so that all sediment naturally settles at the bottom where it can be readily cleaned out from the sediment ring. l

It will 'be noted that the sediment ring is that lit does not become.

undulyhOt. v Y f The burner` is :preferably located above 'the lower parts of the sediment ring, so that the sediment'can settle belowy the burner level and will Vinot becomeburned and caked t0 the wall` ofthe sediment ring.v y

Other adrantages havealready been referred-to and generally is obvious that with a structure `of this type, the steam can be generated with great rapidity and the the steam reaches the steam chest. section, whereit is super.- heated foruse in Van engine'f'or a motor car, aeroplane orithe like. Y y -Y rlhe construction" is really very simple and issuch that theV steam chest Vsection or any steam chest. may he very easily removedfor purposes `of repair or replacement. The construction whereby rapid movement through the eoils,-and movement of water around Lthewater cage, kare secured, enables me to get the 4martin/lum benefit of transmise sion of hea-t by convection.

, The arrangement ofthe water containers the` form to hold vertical columns of waeter, allows the weight of the columns t0 force water into'the coils. The use of smallcoils the constructionsand arrangement of the part'sfof improvedy generator vwithout departing from the real spirit and purpose of my'inyention, and l'intend to cover by tiny-*claims any modified forms of structureV or usc'of Inechanical,equivalents7 which may be reasonably included Within their scope.`

l claim my invention l. ln a steam generator, the combination of a Water cage, a plurality of steam sections, coils communicating With the Water cage and coiled around the steam sections and leading to the upper portion of the Water cage, for conveying steam from the parts ot the Water cage to the upper ie steam sections including sepa-- and vmeans for conducting steam :cam sections, emerging from their s ami including separable joints, ,f a construction is secured having' no ions at the bottoms of the steam sections, said joints being' so arranged that When they are disconnected th steam sections may bc separately lifted out of the assembly;

2. ln a steam generator, the combination of Water cage, a. plurality of steam sections, coin conununicating with the Water cage and coiled around the steam sections and leading to the u1 j er portion of the Water cage, means for coni eyinnj steam from the upper parts of the -Water cage to the upper parts of the steam sections including' separable joints, and means for conducting' steam from the lower interiors of the steam sections and emerging from their upper parte and including` separable joints, 'whereby a construction is sen cured having no connections at the bottoms of the steam sections, said joi its being so arranged that When they' are disconnected the steam sections may be separately lifted out of the assembly.

3. In a steam generator, the combination of Water cage, a plurality of steam sectionsq coils connnunicati With the Water cage and coiled around the steam sections and leading` tothe upper portion of the Water cage, means for conveying steam from the upper parts of the Water cage to the upper parts of the steam sections including' separable joints, and means for conducting steam from the steam sections, en'iereing from their upper parts and includseparable joints, said steam sections beine; provided with means forv causing' the steam to travel substantiallv double the entire lengths thereof, whereby a construction is secured having no connections at the bottoms oi"- the steam sections, said joints being so arranged that when they are disconnected the steam sections may be separately lifted out' of the assembly.

4. ln a steam generator, th(l combination of a Water cage, a plurality of steam seotions, coils communicating with the Water cage and coiled around the steam sections and leading to the upper portion of the Water means f r conveying' steam from the upper parts of the Water cage to the upper parte of the steam sections including` separaand means for conducting' steam trom the steam sections, emerging from their upoer parts and including` separable joints,

said steam sections being enlarged above the portions surrounded by the coils, whereby a construction is secured having no connections at the bottoms of the steam sections, said joints being so arranged that Wl en they are disconnected the steam sections may be separately lifted out of the assembly.

5. ln a steam generator, the combination of a'water cage, a plurality of steam sections, coils communicating with the Water cage and coiled around the steam sections and leading to the upper portion of the Water cage, means for conveying steam from the upper parts of the Water cage to the upper parts of tie steam sections inclu ling separable joints, and means for conducting' steam from the steam sections, emerging' from their upper parts and includingv separable joints, said steam sections being reduced in size at their lower ends and having' means for causing the steam to travel through such reduced lower ends, whereby a. construction is secured having' no connections at the bottoms of the steam sections, said joints beinfr so arranged that When. they are disconnected the steam sections may be separately lifted out of the assembly.

6. In a steam generator, a burner, a vertical steam section, having a reducedlower end exposed to the direct head of the burner, and having;` means for conducting steam into and from the upper end of the section and causing the steam to travel to the reduced lower end.

7. ln a steam generator, a A urality of steam sections, a steam chest section, means for conducting' steam from said steam sections to the upper part of the steam chest section, including separable oints, means for conducting` steam from the steam chest section connected with the upper part thereof, having separable joints, said oints being'r arranged to permit their disconnection so that the steam chest section may be lifted out of the assembly, and a burner below said sections, said steam chest sectiony having means for causing steam to travel substantially double the vertical length thereof.

8. In a steam generator, a pluralty of steam sections, a steam chest section, means for conducting'steam from the upper parts of said steam sections to the upper part of the steam chest section, including separable joints, means for conducting steam from the steam chest section, connected With the upper part thereof, having' separable joints, said joints being arranged to permit their disconnection so that the steam chest section or any steam section may be lifted out of the assembly, and a burner below said sections.

9. ln a steam generator, a burner, a vertical steam section directly exposed to the heat of said burner, means for supplying steam thereto at the upper part thereof, means for removing steam therefrom at the upper part thereof, one of said means including a. conducting pipe extending` nearly to the bottom of the steam section on its inside and having a threaded connection with the top of the steamsection, so that it may be readily removed from the steamsection. s 10. In a steamv generator of the kind described,'an outer substantially annular water cage, a plurality of upright tubular steam sections within the water cage and a steam chest ing a series of upright tubular elements, and

a sediment ring connecting the lower ends of said elements, comprising alternate portions, inclined from the horizontal. f

12. In a steam generator, a water cage having a series of upright tubular elements, and a sediment ring connecting the lower ends of said elements, comprising alternate portions, inclined from the horizontal, and having cleanout plugs at the lower ends of such portions.

, 13. In a steam generator, a water cage having a series of upright tubular circumferentially spaced elements, anda series of coils, each connected at one end with an element at the eXtreme lower part thereof, and at the other end with another element at the extreme upper part thereof, whereby water will be caused to circulate from the bottom end of one element to the top endof another circumferentially spaced element.

14. A water cage for a steam generator comprising a plurality of upright water containers arranged substantially around a common center, a tubular head connecting the lower ends of all of the said containers, comprising a series of portions each inclined from the horizontal, having cleanout open- Y,

ings and closures therefor at their lower ends.

15. A methodof generating steam comprising the heating of water in coils connected at their lower and upper ends respectively with the lower and upper ends of successive water containers arranged substan-v tially around a common center, whereby the water is caused to travel through a series of said containers, heat being also applied to the containers.

Des Moines, Iowa, March 25, 1930.

CARL E. BISHOP. 

